In the network switching, you can easily configure DHCP snooping to prevent DHCP spoofing attack and DHCP starvation attack. Before you mitigating DHCP attacks in the network, you need to know about DHCP functions and features. The DHCP servers dynamically provide IP configuration information including IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS servers, and more to clients. The sequence of DHCP message exchange between client and server.

Types of DHCP Attacks

There are some DHCP attacks that hackers can use to hack your network systems and access the information. The DHCP Spoofing attack and the DHCP Starvation attack.

1. DHCP Spoofing Attack

A DHCP spoofing attack occurs when a rogue DHCP server is connected to the network and provides false IP configuration parameters to legitimate clients. A rogue server can provide a variety of misleading information:

• Wrong default gateway – Attacker provides an invalid gateway or the IP address of its host to create a man-in-the-middle attack. This may go entirely undetected as the intruder intercepts the data flow through the network.

• Wrong DNS server – Attacker provides an incorrect DNS server address pointing the user to a nefarious website.

• Wrong IP address – Attacker provides an invalid default gateway IP address and creates a DoS attack on the DHCP client.

2. DHCP Starvation Attack

Another DHCP attack is the DHCP starvation attack. The goal of this attack is to create a DoS for connecting clients. DHCP starvation attacks require an attack tool such as Gobbler.

Gobbler has the ability to look at the entire scope of leasable IP addresses and tries to lease them all. Specifically, it creates DHCP discovery messages with bogus MAC addresses.

Mitigating DHCP Attacks

It is easy to mitigate DHCP starvation attacks using port security. However, mitigating DHCP spoofing attacks requires more protection.

Related articles: Configure DHCP in Cisco Router and Windows Server

For instance, Gobbler uses a unique MAC address for each DHCP request and port security. Port security could be configured to mitigate this. However, Gobbler can also be configured to use the same interface MAC address with a different hardware address for every request. This would render port security ineffective.

DHCP spoofing attacks can be mitigated using DHCP snooping on trusted ports. DHCP snooping also helps mitigate against DHCP starvation attacks by rate limiting the number of DHCP discovery messages that an untrusted port can receive. DHCP snooping builds and maintains a DHCP snooping binding database that the switch can use to filter DHCP messages from untrusted sources. The DHCP snooping binding table includes the client MAC address, IP address, DHCP lease time, binding type, VLAN number, and interface information on each untrusted switchport or interface.

Note: In a large network, the DHCP binding table may take time to build after it is enabled. For example, it could take 2 days for DHCP snooping to complete the table if DHCP lease time is 4 days.

1. DHCP Snooping 

DHCP snooping acts like a firewall between untrusted hosts and trusted DHCP servers. DHCP snooping performs the following activities:

• Validates DHCP messages received from untrusted sources and filters out invalid messages.
• Builds and maintains the DHCP snooping binding database, which contains information about untrusted hosts with leased IP addresses.
• Uses the DHCP snooping binding database to validate subsequent requests from untrusted hosts.

Dynamic ARP inspection (DAI) and IP Source Guard also use information stored in the DHCP snooping binding database.

DHCP snooping is enabled on a per-VLAN basis. By default, the feature is inactive on all VLANs. You can enable the feature on a single VLAN or a range of VLANs. Mitigate VLAN attack.

Configure DHCP Snooping to Mitigate DHCP Attack

When you configure DHCP snooping or enabling on an interface or VLAN, the switch receives a packet on an untrusted port, the switch compares the source packet information with that held in the DHCP snooping binding table.

• Trusted DHCP ports – Only ports connecting to upstream DHCP servers should be trusted. These ports that are expected to reply with DHCP offer and DHCP Ack messages. Trusted ports must be explicitly identified in the configuration.
• Untrusted ports – These ports connect to hosts that should not be providing DHCP server messages. By default, all switch ports are untrusted.

The general rule when configuring DHCP snooping is to “trust the port and enable DHCP snooping by VLAN”. Therefore, the following steps should be used to enable or configure DHCP snooping:

• Step 1. Enable DHCP snooping using the ip dhcp snooping global configuration command.

• Step 2. On trusted ports, use the ip dhcp snooping trust interface configuration command.

• Step 3. Enable DHCP snooping by VLAN, or by a range of VLANs.

Configuring a Maximum Number of MAC Addresses

S1(config)# ip dhcp snooping
S1(config)#
S1(config)# interface f0/1
S1(config-if)# ip dhcp snooping trust
S1(config-if)# exit
S1(config)#  
S1(config)# interface range f0/5 - 24
S1(config-if-range)# ip dhcp snooping limit rate 4  
S1(config-if-range)# exit
S1(config)#
S1(config)# ip dhcp snooping vlan 5,10,50-52
S1(config)#

Try to displays the resulting output of the “show ip dhcp snooping” privileged EXEC command.

S1# show ip dhcp snooping

Try to displays the resulting output of the “show ip dhcp snooping binding” command. Another way to verify is with the “show ip dhcp snooping database” command.

S1# show ip dhcp snooping binding

Untrusted ports should also rate limit the number of DHCP discovery messages they can receive per second using the ip dhcp snooping limit rate interface configuration command.

Note: Rate limiting further mitigates the risk of DHCP starvation attacks.

Similar mitigation techniques are available for DHCPv6 and IPv6 clients. Because IPv6 devices can also receive their addressing information from the router’s Router Advertisement (RA) message, there are also mitigation solutions to prevent any rogue RA messages.

Trusted and Untrusted Sources

You can configure whether DHCP snooping trusts traffic sources. An untrusted source may initiate traffic attacks or other hostile actions. To prevent such attacks, DHCP snooping filters messages from untrusted sources.

In an enterprise network, a trusted source is a device that is under your administrative control. These devices include the switches, routers, and servers in the network. Any device beyond the firewall or outside the network is an untrusted source. Generally, host ports are treated as untrusted sources.

In a service provider environment, any device that is not in the service provider network is an untrusted source (such as a customer switch). Host ports are untrusted sources.

In the NX-OS device, you indicate that a source is trusted by configuring the trust state of its connecting interface.

The default trust state of all interfaces is untrusted. You must configure DHCP server interfaces as trusted. You can also configure other interfaces as trusted if they connect to devices (such as switches or routers) inside your network. You usually do not configure host port interfaces as trusted.

Source: Cisco Configure DHCP Snooping

The post How to Configure DHCP Snooping in Cisco Switches? appeared first on TECHNIG.

Before you can prevent MAC flooding attack on layer 2 devices, you must know enough about basic switch operation and MAC table attack.  A Layer 2 LAN switch builds a table of MAC addresses that are stored in its Content Addressable Memory (CAM). A CAM table is the same thing as a MAC address table. The CAM table binds and stores MAC addresses and associated VLAN parameters that are connected to the physical switch ports. Switches then compare the destination MAC unicast addresses of incoming frames to the entries in the CAM table to make port forwarding decisions. If the destination MAC address is in the CAM table, the switch forwards the frame accordingly. However, if the destination MAC address is not in the CAM table, the switch will flood the frame out of all ports except for the frame’s port of ingress. This is called an unknown unicast flood.

How does CAM Table attack work?

All CAM tables have a fixed size and consequently, a switch can run out of resources in which to store MAC addresses. CAM table overflow attacks (also called MAC address overflow attacks) take advantage of this limitation by bombarding the switch with fake source MAC addresses until the switch MAC address table is full.

If enough entries are entered into the CAM table before older entries expire, the table fills up to the point that no new entries can be accepted. When this occurs, the switch treats the frame as an unknown unicast and begins to flood all incoming traffic to all ports without referencing the CAM table. The switch, in essence, acts as a hub. As a result, the attacker can capture all of the frames sent from one host to another.

NOTE: Traffic is flooded only within the local VLAN, so the intruder sees only traffic within the local VLAN to which the intruder is connected.

MAC Flooding Tools for Windows and Linux

Macof tools flood the local network with random MAC addresses (causing some switches to fail open in repeating mode, facilitating sniffing). What makes these tools so dangerous is that an attacker can create a CAM table overflow attack in a matter of seconds. For instance, a Catalyst 6500 switch can store 132,000 MAC addresses in its CAM table. A tool such as Macof can flood a switch with up to 8,000 bogus frames per second; creating a CAM table overflow attack in a matter of a few seconds.

Another reason why these attack tools are dangerous is that they not only affect the local switch, they can also affect other connected Layer 2 switches. When the CAM table of a switch is full, it starts broadcasting out all ports including those connecting to other Layer 2 switches.

How to Prevent Mac Flooding Attack?

In order to mitigate CAM table overflow attacks, network administrators must implement port security. It is the simplest and most effective method to prevent MAC flooding attack and CAM table overflow. Port security allows an administrator to statically specify MAC addresses for a port or to permit the switch to dynamically learn a limited number of MAC addresses. By limiting the number of permitted MAC addresses on a port to one, port security can be used to control the unauthorized expansion of the network.

After configuring or enabling port security, the MAC addresses are assigned to a secure port, the port does not forward frames with source MAC addresses outside the group of defined addresses. When a port configured with port security receives a frame, the source MAC address of the frame is compared to the list of secure source addresses that were manually configured or autoconfigured (learned) on the port.

To enable port security, use the switchport port-security interface configuration command on an access port. The port must be configured as an access port before port security can be enabled. This is because port security can only be configured on access ports and, by default, Layer 2 switch ports are set to dynamic auto (trunking on). Therefore, the port must be initially configured with the switchport mode access interface configuration command.

To set the maximum number of MAC addresses allowed on a port using the switchport port-security maximum value command

Note: The actual maximum number of secure MAC addresses that can be configured is set by the maximum number of available MAC addresses allowed by the active Switch Database Management (SDM) template. Use the show sdm prefer command to view the current template settings.

The switch can be configured to learn about MAC addresses on a secure port in one of two ways:

• Manually configured – Manually configures the MAC address(es) using the switchport port-security mac-address interface configuration command.

• Dynamically learned – Enables the switch to dynamically learn the MAC address using the switchport port-security mac-address sticky interface configuration command.

S4(config)# interface fastEthernet 0/10
S4(config-if)# switchport mode access
S4(config-if)# switchport port-security
S4(config-if)# switchport port-security maximum 5
S4(config-if)# switchport port-security violation shutdown
S4(config-if)# switchport port-security mac-address sticky

To view the result, just type the “show port-security interface FastEthernet 0/10“.

S4#show port-security interface fastEthernet 0/10
Secure Port MaxSecureAddr CurrentAddr SecurityViolation Security Action
               (Count)       (Count)        (Count)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
       Fa0/10        5          0                 0         Shutdown
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Port Security              : Enabled
Port Status                : Secure-down
Violation Mode             : Shutdown
Aging Time                 : 0 mins
Aging Type                 : Absolute
SecureStatic Address Aging : Disabled
Maximum MAC Addresses      : 5
Total MAC Addresses        : 0
Configured MAC Addresses   : 0
Sticky MAC Addresses       : 0
Last Source Address:Vlan   : 0000.0000.0000:0
Security Violation Count   : 0
 
S4#

That’s good. The configuration to prevent MAC flooding attack works perfectly on the Cisco switch.

Port Security Violations Modes

S4(config-if)#switchport port-security aging time 150

That is not all you get to know about how to prevent MAC Flooding attack in the network. This is a simple guide to know the function of MAC table attack and simple port-security configuration.

Source: NetAcad, My local CCNA Security Lab, and Google.

The post How to prevent MAC Flooding Attack? appeared first on TECHNIG.

Looking for CCNA Security Exam Answers? Here you can test and review all updated CCNA Security Chapter 3 exam questions and answers. It is just for educational purposes.

These questions are the latest CCNA security chapter 3 exam questions with answers. Please share the new questions through the comment section. We will reply it with the correct answer.

CCNA Security Chapter 3 Exam Questions and Answers

The configuration is using the default ports for a Cisco router.

The configuration will not be active until it is saved and Rtr1 is rebooted.

The configuration of the ports requires 1812 be used for the authentication and the authorization ports.

The ports configured for Server1 on the router must be identical to those configured on the RADIUS server.

The local username database will provide a backup for authentication in the event the ACS servers become unreachable.

A local username database is required when configuring authentication using ACS servers.

Because ACS servers only support remote user access, local users can only authenticate using a local username database.

Without a local username database, the router will require successful authentication with each ACS server.

debug tacacs accounting

debug aaa authentication

debug tacacs events

debug tacacs

Windows Server only supports AAA using TACACS.

Windows Server uses its own Active Directory (AD) controller for authentication and authorization.

Windows Server cannot be used as an AAA server.

Windows Server requires more Cisco IOS commands to configure.

MD5

RADIUS

SSH

TACACS+

Implement Cisco Secure Access Control System (ACS) only.

RADIUS and TACACS+ servers cannot be supported by a single solution.

Implement both a local database and Cisco Secure Access Control System (ACS).

Implement a local database.

accessibility

authorization

authentication

auditing

accounting

The login succeeds, even if all methods return an error.

It uses the enable password for authentication.

It accepts a locally configured username, regardless of case.

It defaults to the vty line password for authentication.

It uses less network bandwidth.

It requires a login and password combination on the console, vty lines, and aux ports.

It provides a fallback authentication method if the administrator forgets the username or password.

It specifies a different password for each line or port.

accounting

accessibility

authentication

authorization

Accounting can only be enabled for network connections.

Users are not required to be authenticated before AAA accounting logs their activities on the network.

Accounting is concerned with allowing and disallowing authenticated users access to certain areas and programs on the network.

Possible triggers for the aaa accounting exec default command include start-stop and stop-only.

Use the login delay command for authentication attempts.

Use the none keyword when configuring the authentication method list.

Use the aaa local authentication attempts max-fail global configuration mode command with a higher number of acceptable failures.

Use the login local command for authenticating user access.

the switch that is controlling network access

the client that is requesting authentication

the router that is serving as the default gateway

the authentication server that is performing client authentication

password encryption

separate authentication and authorization processes

802.1X support

SIP support

utilization of transport layer protocols

The authorization feature enhances network performance.

User access is restricted to certain services.

A user must be identified before network access is granted.

User actions are recorded for use in audits and troubleshooting events.

The locked-out user stays locked out until the clear aaa local user lockout username Admin command is issued.

The locked-out user failed authentication.

The locked-out user stays locked out until the interface is shut down then re-enabled.

The locked-out user should have used the username admin and password Str0ngPa55w0rd.

The locked-out user is locked out for 10 minutes by default.

true

false

local AAA

server-based AAA over TACACS+

server-based AAA

local AAA over TACACS+

local AAA over RADIUS

server-based AAA over RADIUS

Use the show aaa user command.

Use the show aaa local user lockout command .

Use the show aaa sessions command .

Use the show running-configuration command .

That’s all the latest CCNA Security chapter 3 exam questions and answers. Please share the new CCNA Security exam questions via the comment section.

Related Questions:

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CCNA security final exam answers 2018
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The post CCNA Security Chapter 3 Exam Questions With Answers – Updated appeared first on TECHNIG.

It’s a simple way you can learn to configure PAP and CHAP in Cisco router using this packet tracer lab. Just download the lab or create your own lab with packet tracer and follow the instruction to easy configure PAP and CHAP authentication protocols in a Cisco router.

Configure PAP and CHAP in Cisco Router

In this activity, you will practice configuring PPP encapsulation on serial links. You will also configure PPP PAP
authentication and PPP CHAP authentication.

Part 1: Review Routing Configurations

Step 1: View running configurations on all routers.

• While reviewing the router configurations, note the use of both static and dynamic routes in the topology.

Step 2: Test connectivity between computers and the web server.

• From PC and Laptop, ping the web server at 209.165.200.2. Both ping commands should be successful.
  Remember to give enough time for STP and EIGRP to converge.

Part 2: Configure PPP as the Encapsulation Method

Step 1: Configure R1 to use PPP encapsulation with R3.

Enter the following commands on R1:

R1(config)# interface s0/0/0
R1(config-if)# encapsulation ppp

Step 2: Configure R2 to use PPP encapsulation with R3.

Enter the appropriate commands on R2:

R2(config)# interface s0/0/1
R2(config-if)# encapsulation ppp

Step 3: Configure R3 to use PPP encapsulation with R1, R2, and ISP.

Enter the appropriate commands on R3:

R3(config)# interface s0/0/0
R3(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
R3(config)# interface s0/0/1
R3(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
R3(config)# interface s0/1/0
R3(config-if)# encapsulation ppp

Step 4: Configure ISP to use PPP encapsulation with R3.

a. Click the Internet cloud, then ISP. Enter the following commands:

Router(config)# interface s0/0/0
Router(config-if)# encapsulation ppp

b. Exit the Internet cloud by clicking Back in the upper left corner or by pressing Alt+left arrow.

Step 5: Test connectivity to the web server.

PC and Laptop should be able to ping the web server at 209.165.200.2. This may take some time as
interfaces start working again and EIGRP reconverges.

Part 3: Configure PPP Authentication

Step 1: Configure PPP PAP Authentication Between R1 and R3.

Note: Instead of using the keyword password as shown in the curriculum, you will use the keyword secret to
provide a better encryption of the password.

a. Enter the following commands into R1:

R1(config)# username R3 secret class
R1(config)# interface s0/0/0
R1(config-if)# ppp authentication pap
R1(config-if)# ppp pap sent-username R1 password cisco

b. Enter the following commands into R3:

R3(config)# username R1 secret cisco
R3(config)# interface s0/0/0
R3(config-if)# ppp authentication pap
R3(config-if)# ppp pap sent-username R3 password class

Step 2: Configure PPP PAP Authentication Between R2 and R3.

Repeat step 1 to configure authentication between R2 and R3 changing the usernames as needed. Note that
each password sent to each serial port matches the password expected by the opposite router.

R2(config-if)# username R3 secret class
R2(config)# interface s0/0/1
R2(config-if)# ppp authentication pap
R2(config-if)# ppp pap sent-username R2 password cisco

R3(config-if)# username R2 secret cisco
R3(config)# interface s0/0/1
R3(config-if)# ppp authentication pap
R3(config-if)# ppp pap sent-username R3 password class

Step 3: Configure PPP CHAP Authentication Between R3 and ISP

a. Enter the following commands into ISP. The hostname is sent as the username:

Router(config)# hostname ISP
ISP(config)# username R3 secret cisco
ISP(config)# interface s0/0/0
ISP(config-if)# ppp authentication chap

b. Enter the following commands into R3. The passwords must match for CHAP authentication:

R3(config)# username ISP secret cisco
R3(config)# interface serial0/1/0
R3(config-if)# ppp authentication chap

Step 4: Test connectivity between computers and the web server.

From PC and Laptop, ping the web server at 209.165.200.2. Both ping commands should be successful.
Remember to give enough time for STP and EIGRP to converge.

Step 4: Test connectivity between computers and the web server.

From PC and Laptop, ping the web server at 209.165.200.2. Both ping commands should be successful.
Remember to give enough time for STP and EIGRP to converge.

Note: This is the Cisco Network Academy lab, you can join the netacad.com website to learn the entire CCNA.

Download the Lab: PAP and CHAP Configuration or CCNA Packet Tracer Lab

That is all you need to learn to configure PAP and CHAP in Cisco Router. Let’s see what is the difference between PAP and CHAP authentication protocols?

What is the Difference Between PAP and CHAP?

The password authentication protocol (PAP) and challenge handshake authentication protocol (CHAP) are both used to authenticate PPP sessions and can be used with many VPNs. Basically, PAP works like a standard login procedure; the remote system authenticates itself to the user a static username and password combination. The password can be encrypted for additional security, but PAP is subject to numerous attacks. In particular, since the information is static, it is subject to password guessing as well as snooping.

CHAP takes a more sophisticated and secure approach to authentication by creating a unique challenge phrase (a randomly generated string) for each authentication. The challenge phrase is combined with device hostnames using one-way hashing functions to authenticate in a way where no static secret information is ever transmitted over the wire. Because all transmitted information is dynamic, CHAP is significantly more robust than PAP.

Another advantage of CHAP over PAP is that CHAP can be set up to do repeated midsession authentications. This is useful for dial-up PPP sessions and other sessions where a port may be left open even though the remote device has disconnected. In this case, its possible for someone else to pick up the connection mid-session simply by establish physical connectivity.

Related Search:

• PPP pap configuration
• PPP chap configuration
• Configure chap authentication on s0/0/0
• pap chap configuration

The post How to Configure PAP and CHAP in Cisco Router? appeared first on TECHNIG.

Here you can free download Wireshark final version. Wireshark is a free and open source packet analyzer. It is used for network troubleshooting, analysis, software and communications protocol development, and education. Originally named Ethereal, the project was renamed Wireshark in May 2006 due to trademark issues.

Wireshark is the world’s foremost and widely-used network protocol analyzer. It lets you see what’s happening on your network at a microscopic level and is the de facto (and often de jure) standard across many commercial and non-profit enterprises, government agencies, and educational institutions. Wireshark development thrives thanks to the volunteer contributions of networking experts around the globe and is the continuation of a project started by Gerald Combs in 1998.

Free Download Wireshark Final version

Wireshark has a rich feature set which includes the following:

• Deep inspection of hundreds of protocols, with more being added all the time
• Live capture and offline analysis
• Standard three-pane packet browser
• Multi-platform: Runs on Windows, Linux, macOS, Solaris, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and many others
• Captured network data can be browsed via a GUI, or via the TTY-mode TShark utility
• The most powerful display filters in the industry
• Rich VoIP analysis
• Read/write many different capture file formats: tcpdump (libpcap), Pcap NG, Catapult DCT2000, Cisco Secure IDS iplog, Microsoft Network Monitor, Network General Sniffer® (compressed and uncompressed), Sniffer® Pro, and NetXray®, Network Instruments Observer, NetScreen snoop, Novell LANalyzer, RADCOM WAN/LAN Analyzer, Shomiti/Finisar Surveyor, Tektronix K12xx, Visual Networks Visual UpTime, WildPackets EtherPeek/TokenPeek/AiroPeek, and many others
• Capture files compressed with gzip can be decompressed on the fly
• Live data can be read from Ethernet, IEEE 802.11, PPP/HDLC, ATM, Bluetooth, USB, Token Ring, Frame Relay, FDDI, and others (depending on your platform)
• Decryption support for many protocols, including IPsec, ISAKMP, Kerberos, SNMPv3, SSL/TLS, WEP, and WPA/WPA2
• Coloring rules can be applied to the packet list for quick, intuitive analysis
• Output can be exported to XML, PostScript®, CSV, or plain text

Wireshark Download Links:

• Windows Installer (64-bit)
• Windows Installer (32-bit)
• Windows PortableApps® (32-bit)
• macOS 10.6 and later Intel 64-bit .dmg
• Source Code

Wireshark Tutorials and Documentation

The post Free Download Wireshark Final Version: The #1 Network Protocol Analyzer appeared first on TECHNIG.

What security software totally can protect your system in 2020? The antivirus software companies provide best free antivirus software to protect their client’s computers against malware, viruses, rootkits and any malicious threats. Here we test the most trusted free antivirus software for 2018. All of these free antiviruses have the ability to protect your system data over the internet and local malicious activity.

“The best things in life are free,” they say. But they also say, “You get what you pay for.” Which is right? Within the antivirus realm, both. You can get very good antivirus protection for free, no question. But if you pony up the cost of a premium antivirus utility, you can get even more protection. If free is what your budget allows, we can help. Here we just bring you the top 10 best free Antivirus software for 2020.

Best Free Antivirus Software for 2020

The virus scans are a method which antivirus programs trawl through your files searching for suspicious and intruding files. This is a vital part of antivirus software, without the ability to scan you are leaving yourself open to threats. 100% free virus scans are a revolutionary way to check the status of your device. Uses are reviews and customer feedback to help choose your provider. We want to make sure you can scan your PC for free and if required get fully protected.

What is the best free Antivirus Software for 2020?

1. AVAST Free Antivirus
2. AVG Free Antivirus
3. Avira Free Antivirus
4. Bitdefender Free Antivirus
5. Kaspersky Antivirus
6. Microsoft Security Essentials
7. Panda Free Protection
8. Sophos Home for PCs and Macs
9. Baidu Antivirus
10. Comodo Free Antivirus

What you require is an ideal antivirus programming on your PC. Thanks to the lucky stars, as the giant leaders in the security industry, to deliver their best products for free.

1. Avast Free Antivirus Software

Avast is an antivirus software developed by a Czech Security company called Avast Software. The company was founded in 1988 so has been around for almost 2 decades! Within this time the software has had plenty of peaks and troughs like any normal company, but it’s coming into its own now! As of 2016, Avast! had 400 million users and around 40% of the market share (outside of China). With offices in the US, Germany, China, South Korea and Taiwan is a giant. Last month (September 2016), Avast bought AVG for $1.3 billion!

You can find Avast antiviruses in three different editions. The first one is Avast free antivirus, the second is Avast Internet Security Software and the third one is Avast Premier.

Avast Free Antivirus features: 

• Block viruses and other malware: Detect viruses, ransomware, and other threats in real-time.
• Scan for Wi-Fi security weaknesses: Expose intruders and security weaknesses in your network.
• Secure your passwords: Lock your passwords in our vault and log in to sites with 1 click.

Avast Internet Security Edition Features:

• Avoid fake sites for safer shopping: Stop criminals from stealing your passwords and banking info.
• Safely run suspicious apps: Sandbox any app to avoid affecting the rest of your PC.
• Block hackers with an advanced firewall: Stop hackers from sneaking onto your PC to steal your data.
• Block annoying spam and phishing emails*: Stop annoying junk mail for a safer, cleaner inbox.
• NuGet an extra layer of ransomware security: Keep personal photos and files safe from unwanted changes.

Avast Premier Features:

• NEWStop webcam spying: Prevent peeping Toms from watching you via your webcam.
• Permanently shred sensitive files: Securely delete files to ensure that no one recovers them.
• Automatically update apps: Reduce security risks by keeping your other apps up-to-date.

The Avast Antivirus supports Windows, Mac, Android, iPhone/iPad, and Linux server. All the Avast security products are fast, light, and pack powerful features to give you the best protection that’s easy to use and won’t slow down your PC.

2. AVG Free Antivirus Software

The AVG is also supported by the Avast team. The same as Avast free edition, the AVG has free Antivirus as well. Free antivirus is great. But it gets even better. Whether you choose free or full protection, you’ve got impressive security that even updates itself automatically. And with a cutting-edge virus scanner that blocks and removes viruses, you can be reassured that you and your family are protected from the latest threats.

AVG AntiVirus Free Features: 

Essential free protection that won’t let you down.

• Stop viruses, spyware, ransomware & other malware
• Block unsafe links, downloads, & email attachments
• Scan for PC performance problems
• Get real time-security updates

AVG Internet Security Features:

AVG best all-around protection for all your devices.

• Stop viruses, spyware, ransomware& other malware
• Block unsafe links, downloads & email attachments
• Scan for PC performance problems
• Get real-time security updates
• Secure personal folders with an extra layer of ransomware protection
• Prevent peeping Toms from watching you via your webcam NEW
• Keep hackers away with Enhanced Firewall
• Avoid fake websites for safer shopping
• Includes AntiVirus PRO for Android

You can find AVG Antivirus for Windows, Mac OS, Android, iPhone/iPod and for business Antivirus.

3. Avira Free Antivirus Software

Power your digital life with this all-in-one free package. Avira Free Security Suite secures your activities, shields your privacy, and delivers instant time-saving gains on everyday tasks. The Avira Free Antivirus shields you from malicious infections, worms, Trojans, spyware, adware, and different sorts of malware, making it a completely utilitarian anti-malware system and one of the best free antivirus programs. It supports Windows 10, 8, 7, Vista, and XP operating system. Avira Free Antivirus has a propelled heuristic mechanism which is a component not generally found in most of the free antivirus devices. Above all, it is also pliable to support Mac operating systems.

All the Essentials Feature with Avira Free Antivirus: 

• Avira Free Antivirus: Stay safe, always
• Phantom VPN: See more of the web
• Safe Shopping: You can only save if you shop safely
• SafeSearch Plus: Search faster & smarter
• Password Manager: Forget remembering passwords
• Free System Speedup: Rediscover your lost speed
• Software Updater: Stay up to date

The Avira support Windows, Mac OS devices, Android and iOS devices. Manage all your high-performing digital tools, and benefit from 24/7 health checks across multiple devices – from one central online dashboard.

4. Bitdefender Antivirus Free Edition

Powerful protection, the light way. The Bitdefender make the Internet safe for you. You can be sure all threats are taken care of when you browse the web. It uses advanced technologies such as machine learning to protect you from phishing and other types of fraudulent content. Bitdefender, over the last few years, has been one of the most highly regarded antivirus products, and for good reason. A relatively new company, compared to others in the antivirus space, Bitdefender have quickly established themselves as one of the leading brands with over half a billion installs / active users to date.

Bitdefender Antivirus Features: 

• Virus Scanning and Removal: On-demand & on-access scanning – powerful scan engines ensure detection and removal of all malware, from viruses, worms and Trojans, to ransomware, zero-day exploits, rootkits and spyware.
• Advanced Threat Detection: Bitdefender Antivirus Free uses an innovative technique called behavioural detection to closely monitor your active apps. When it detects anything suspicious, it takes instant action.
• Anti-Phishing: Bitdefender Antivirus Free Edition sniffs and blocks websites that masquerade as trustworthy in order to steal financial data such as passwords or credit card numbers.
• Anti-Fraud: Our advanced filtering system warns you whenever you visit websites that may try to scam you, such as casinos, porn sites, money loan schemes and others.

5. Kaspersky Free Antivirus

Kaspersky Free Antivirus software offers both the lowest system impact and some of the best malware-detection rates recorded. It even provides extra security features, including parental controls and options to lock down your webcam and stop websites from tracking your browsing activity. If you’re willing to pay to protect your computer from malware, Kaspersky Internet Security is the best option available.

Kaspersky Features: 

• AWARD-WINNING SECURITY: Protects against viruses, spyware, phishing and dangerous websites.
• PROTECTION THAT PERFORMS: Combines security and efficiency – so your devices can keep performing.
• SECURITY FOR PC, MAC & MOBILE: Protects all your devices – with just one license for you to buy.
• PRIVACY PROTECTION: Helps prevent others from intruding into your private life.
• SAFE MONEY: Adds extra security when you shop or bank online – on PC or Mac.
• SECURITY FOR KIDS – ON PC & MAC: Blocks inappropriate content and helps you manage the use of social networks
• TECHNICAL SUPPORT: Easy access to security experts.

Kaspersky Antivirus 2018 provides basic protection for your computer without slowing it down. It includes antivirus scan of files, software, and websites, аnti-phishing, protection against ransomware, control over internet traffic, vulnerability search, free automatic updates and upgrades to the latest version.

6. Microsoft Security Essentials

The Windows Defender is built into the latest versions of Windows and helps guard your PC against viruses and other malware. The Security Essentials from Microsoft is certainly one of the best free antivirus programs. Security Essentials is a top-notch antivirus program that shields you from a wide range of malware, easy to use, and gets updated on threats automatically.

Two good reasons for Microsoft security essentials to top the list are:

• Comprehensive protection: Microsoft Security Essentials helps defend your computer against viruses, worms, Trojans, and other malicious software and provides you with free spyware protection.
• Easy to get, easy to use: Microsoft Security Essentials is available at no cost, so there’s no registration process that requires billing or personal information collection. It installs after a quick download and then stays automatically up to date with the latest spyware protection technology and signature updates.
• Quiet protection: Microsoft Security Essentials doesn’t get in your way. It runs quietly in the background and schedules a scan when your computer is most likely idle. You only see alerts when you need to take action.

Note: In Windows 8, Windows Defender replaces Microsoft Security Essentials. Windows Defender runs in the background and notifies you when you need to take a specific action. However, you can use it anytime to scan for malware if your computer isn’t working properly or you clicked a suspicious link online or in an email message.

Related: Top 10 Best Android Cleaner Apps

7. Panda Free Antivirus

Panda Free Antivirus protects you while you work, play, or browse the Internet. Panda Protection which was once known as Panda Free Antivirus is another best antivirus on this list. It delivers absolute free protection to defy the most challenging unknown threats. Works well at par with another free antivirus we have identified.

Panda Protection Features: 

• Antivirus for your Windows and Android devices
• Protect your Wi-Fi connection from hackers and piggybacking neighbours
• Protect your kids on the Internet with parental controls
• Shop online with complete safety
• Protect your photos and personal data against ransomware

If you browse the Web from your smartphone or shop online, you need more advanced protection.

8. Sophos Home for PCs and Macs

Protect all the computers in your home with the free Sophos Home. The same antivirus, malware protection, and web filtering technology trusted by hundreds of thousands of businesses are now yours to take home.

Sophos Home Features: 

• Stop malware, viruses, ransomware, and malicious apps
• Block unwanted web content, phishing attacks
• Easily manage computers located everywhere from anywhere
• Works on both Windows PCs and Macs

The Sophos Home for PC and Mac is not the only free tool of Sophos company. You can find more free security tools like Mobile Security, HitmanPro – Malware Removal Tool, Sophos XG Firewall Home, Virus Removal Tool, and Sophos Antivirus for Linux Free Edition.

10. Comodo Antivirus

Comodo Free Antivirus combines the best-patented protection technologies in one comprehensive package that secures your everyday activities while increasing your productivity. It is a perfect security tool to protect your computer from getting infected.

Comodo Free Antivirus Features: 

• Complete Malware Protection
• Auto Sandbox Technology
• Defense Plus
• Secure Shopping
• Host Intrusion Prevention (HIPS)
• Fast, Cloud-Based Scans

The Comodo’s free antivirus provides the best protection from malware instances, virus infection and suspicious hidden files. It is reliable, cloud-based protection that scans quickly and updates continue to include the latest malware information from around the globe.

9. Baidu Antivirus

Baidu Antivirus combines local proactive defence features with its powerful cloud engine. With Baidu intelligent technology, you can directly monitor a program’s behaviour locally to determine if it is a virus while dynamically identifying and characterizing the code in the cloud to quickly and accurately eradicate it.

Baidu Free Antivirus Features:

• Malicious Plug-in Cleaner: Easily remove more than 300,000 malicious plug-ins to make your PC faster and cleaner.
• System Repair: Quickly repair system problems, and increase your computer’s speed.
  Network Traffic Monitor: Monitor network traffic usage, and manage running programs in real-time.
• Browser Protection: Prevent your homepage and browser from being maliciously changed.

The Baidu best free Antivirus software is 100% free, forever. Keep your computer safe with our award-winning security as long as you want, at no cost. Our upgrades, cloud file scanning, and new virus definitions are always free.

Conclusion:

There are many best free Antivirus software that is not available on this list such as Eset Antivirus, McAfee, BullGuard, Ad-Aware, PCProtect, TotalAV, ScanGuard, ZoneAlarm, and others. These are also the best antivirus software but doesn’t have a fully free edition.

The post Best Free Antivirus Software for All Devices appeared first on TECHNIG.

When you configure your Wifi router for your home or office, you set a password. You might be lost or have forgotten the Wifi Password. Here we help you find If you lost or cannot remember your network security key to connect another device to a particular Wi-Fi access point, you can find Windows 10 WiFi password easily.

Find Windows 10 WiFi Password

If you have a computer other than your Surface that is running Windows and that is connected to your wireless network, you can find the password by doing the following:

A quick way to find Windows 10 Wifi Password:

1. On the Windows search box, type “network and sharing.”
2. Click Network and Sharing Centre in the search box to open it.
3. Now click the Wi-Fi connection.
4. On the General tab of Wi-Fi Status, click Wireless Properties.
5. Select the Security tab of Wi-Fi network properties.
6. Tick the checkbox of Show characters to show you the saved WiFi password of Windows 10.

It’s the short and quickest way to find Windows 10/11 passwords on a PC and laptop. You can find a third-party software that shows you the saved password of WiFi on Windows 10. The best and most secure option is using this method. Another way is using a command line such as Windows PowerShell or the command prompt.

In command prompt and PowerShell, the netsh utility helps you manage and configure WiFi network connection in Windows operating system. Let’s find Windows 10 password with the command line.

Related: How to forget Windows 10 Wi-Fi network profile?

Find Windows 10 WiFi Password with Command

Finding a saved Wi-Fi password with the command line just needs to execute the below command on PowerShell or Command Prompt. You must run the Command Prompt or PowerShell as administrator privilege.

1. Run PowerShell.
2. Type “netsh WLAN show profiles” to see the WiFi network profiles.
3. Now type the below command to find the saved WiFi password.

netsh WLAN show profiles name=”ONEVATAN” key=clear

That’s good. You can find the WiFi password under the Security settings. 

Good Luck, and for more, visit Windows 10 WiFi settings on the Microsoft website.

Related Search:

Find wifi password | Windows 7
How to find wifi password Windows 10
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Windows 10 saved WiFi Networks
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WiFi password revealer Windows 10
View saved wifi passwords android

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The Windows operating systems have a robust data encryption system. You can encrypt folder files to protect your data. The encrypted data and folder, only accessible to you. The other user can’t access the encoded files and folders. Even with administrator privileges.

Data encryption protect you against unauthorised access to your mobile and computer. Encryption is the process of encoding messages or information in such a way that only authorised user can read it. Simply, encrypting a file means to translate the files into a secret code to protect it from unauthorised access even the data was stolen.

The data, personal files, videos, photos and messages on a computer Laptop or mobile the most important things for a user. But in this article, we accurately show you, how to encrypt your data in Windows, iOS, and Android to secure your devices a step ahead.

Encrypt Folder Files in Windows 10

In Windows operating system, you can encrypt a file from the file properties. Just right-click the file and go to properties.

1. Right-click the folder you want to encrypt the contents, then click Properties.
2. On the General tab of folder properties, click the Advanced button.
3. Now tick the checkbox of “Encrypt contents to secure data“.
4. Finally, click OK then click Apply to encrypt the contents of the folder.

1. On the General tab of the file properties page, click Advanced and open the advanced attributes page.

2. Tick the Encrypt contents to secure data checkbox and click OK to apply the changes, then click OK on the file properties to close folder properties and starting encryption.

3. To encrypt files with sub-folders and files, select Apply changes to this folder, sub-folders and files then click OK.

Data Backup for Encryption Key

Here you need to back up the encryption key. For security your encrypted files and data backup you must have the encryption key. Later you can recover the lost data with this encryption key.

1. When you click OK, the system asks you to back up the encryption key.

2. Now, you see the backup balloon of encryption on the right side of task-bar. Click on that and backup the keys.

3. Click the Backup now (recommended) and go to certification export wizard page for data protection and backup. This encryption key backup is important. Never forget to take a backup.

4. On the Welcome to the Certificate, Export Wizard page click Next for Windows 10 encrypt a folder.

5. Just leave the default selected option and click Next.

6. Type a password to keep secure the exported certification and click Next.

7. Choose a location to save the EFS key in a secure location and click Next.

8. Finally, click Finish to complete the task and see the EFS Certification backups.

Note: 

• Don’t lose the backup keys.
• Don’t share with other users.
• Keep it in a secure place.

Here is the result of EFS contents of Windows 10 encrypt folder.

Good, that is all you need to know about data encryption and encrypt folder files in Windows 10. To encrypt entire driver or disk, you can use BitLocker driver encryption which is an enterprise feature of Windows. See more at Enable BitLocker Drive Encryption on Windows To Protect Your Data for enterprise data protection.

If your Windows doesn’t have Bitlocker driver encryption, try to encrypt with a third-party application like VeraCrypt or TrueCrypt.

The post How to Encrypt Folder Files in Windows 10 for Data Protection? appeared first on TECHNIG.

Sometimes we want to block a specific program from accessing the internet due to some reasons, that can be like preventing from updates, blocking the ads or any other reasons that make us think of blocking a program from accessing the Internet. Here is How to Block a Program from Accessing Internet In Windows 10.

Block a Program from Accessing the Internet

1. In order to block a program from accessing the Internet, you need to create a windows firewall rule. Go to Firewall by Clicking Windows 10 Start Button and search for Windows Firewall and Open Windows Firewall

2. That will guide you the main Windows 10 firewall screen.

3. Click on  Advanced Settings from the column on the left side. and you will be guided to the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security Section.

4. From the Column left Click on Outbound Rules to go to Advanced Outbound Rules Section.

5. From the right column under the Action area, Click on New Rule to Create new Outbound Rule.

6. Herein rule type choose Program click next button to continue the process

7. Choose your program path from This Program Path Area and click Next. 

Note: Open the .exe file of any program you want to block, here as an example I will block the photoshop program which the directory in my computer is as below

C:\Program Files\Adobe\Adobe Photoshop CC 2017

8. From the action steps, Choose the Block the connection and Click Next to continue. 

9. In the profile section, tick all of them (Domain, Private, Public) to block the program in all connectivity conditions whether you are using a private or public network.

10. We are almost there to block a program completely from connecting to the internet.  As you are seeing in the picture below its time to write down a name and description for this rule. Name your Rule and if you would like to write down a short description for this rule and click Finish.

Block a Program from Accessing Internet – Video

Here is the video guide of how to block a program from accessing the Internet.

Read more about computer network firewall protection on Wiki Firewall.

The post How to Block a Program from Accessing Internet In Windows 10? appeared first on TECHNIG.

A simple detail about password cracking tools from the wiki. In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of recovering passwords from data that have been stored in or transmitted by a computer system. A standard approach (brute-force attack) is to try guesses repeatedly for the password and check them against an available cryptographic hash of the password. Password cracker is not hacking a password; this software only recovers your password. Got it? So don’t use against someone’s system or illegally.

The other purposes of password cracking tools might be to help a user recover a forgotten password of a system or any software. But in the world of hacking, hackers are using such a tools to break or crack the stolen password hashes of a database. Or using them to hack the wireless network and crack the passwords. So hope you completely understand the primary purpose of password cracking tools.

List of Top 10 Password Cracking Tools:

1. OphCrack
2. RainbowCrack
3. HashCat
4. Cain & Abel
5. Wfuzz Password Cracking Tools
6. Brutus Password Cracking Tools
7. John the Ripper
8. THC Hydra
9. L0phtCrack
10. Aircrack-NG

#1. OphCrack

It is a free Windows password cracker based on rainbow tables. It is a very efficient implementation of rainbow tables done by the inventors of the method. It comes with a Graphical User Interface and runs on multiple platforms. See some features of Ophcrack password cracking tools. The uploaded version of Ophcrack compiled for Windows 64-bit platforms. This version can preload tables using the whole RAM available instead of the only 2GB on 32-bit platforms.

Features:

• Runs on Windows, Linux/Unix, Mac OS X, …
• Cracks LM and NTLM hashes.
• Free tables available for Windows XP and Vista/7/8.1.
• Brute-force module for simple passwords.
• Audit mode and CSV export.
• Real-time graphs to analyse the passwords.
• Live CD available to simplify the cracking.
• Dumps and loads hashes from encrypted SAM recovered from a Windows partition.
• Free and open source software (GPL).

Download the latest Ophcrack version from Sourceforge, the open source software storage.

2. RainbowCrack

The RainbowCrack password cracking tools is a general propose implementation of Philippe Oechslin’s faster time-memory trade-off technique. It cracks hashes with rainbow tables. RainbowCrack uses time-memory tradeoff algorithm to crack hashes. It differs from brute force hash crackers.

A brute force hash cracker generates all possible plaintexts and compute the corresponding hashes on the fly, then compare the hashes with the hash to be cracked. Once a match is found, the plaintext is found. If all possible plaintexts are tested, and no match is found, the plaintext is not found. With this type of hash cracking, all intermediate computation results are discarded.

Features:

• Full time-memory tradeoff tool suites, including rainbow table generation, sort, conversion and lookup
• Support rainbow table of any hash algorithm
• Support rainbow table of any charset
• Support rainbow table in raw file format (.rt) and compact file format (.rtc)
• Computation on multi-core processor support
• GPU acceleration with NVIDIA GPUs (CUDA technology)
• GPU acceleration with AMD GPUs (OpenCL technology)
• GPU acceleration with multiple GPUs
• Runs on Windows operating systems
• Windows XP 32-bit / 64-bit
• Windows Vista 32-bit / 64-bit
• Windows 7 32-bit / 64-bit
• Windows 8 32-bit / 64-bit
• Runs on Linux operating systems (x86 and x86_64)
• Unified rainbow table file format on all supported operating systems
• Command line user interface
• Graphics user interface

Download the latest version of RainbowCrack password cracking tools from project-rainbowcrack website.

3. HashCat

Hashcat is the world’s fastest CPU-based password recovery tool. While it’s not as fast as its GPU counterpart oclHashcat, extensive lists can be easily split in half with a good dictionary and a bit of knowledge of the command switches.

Hashcat was written somewhere in the middle of 2009. Yes, there were already close-to-perfect working tools supporting rule-based attacks like “PasswordsPro”, “John The Ripper”. However, for some unknown reason, both of them did not support multi-threading. That was the only reason to write Hashcat: To make use of the multiple cores of modern CPUs.

Features: 

• Worlds fastest password cracker
• Worlds first and only GPGPU based rule engine
• Free
• Multi-GPU (up to 128 GPUs)
• Multi-Hash (up to 100 million hashes)
• Multi-OS (Linux & Windows native binaries)
• Multi-Platform (OpenCL & CUDA support)
• Multi-Algo (see below)
• Low resource utilisation, you can still watch movies or play games while cracking
• Focuses highly iterated modern hashes
• Focuses dictionary based attacks
• Supports distributed cracking
• Supports pause/resume while cracking
• Supports sessions
• Supports restore
• Supports reading words from file
• Supports reading words from stdin
• Supports hex-salt
• Supports hex-charset
• Built-in benchmarking system
• Integrated thermal watchdog
• 150+ Algorithms implemented with performance in mind
• and much more

Download the latest version HashCat from the oclhashcat website.

4. Cain & Abel

It is a password recovery tool for Microsoft Operating Systems. It allows easy recovery of various kind of passwords by sniffing the network, cracking encrypted passwords using Dictionary, Brute-Force and Cryptanalysis attacks, recording VoIP conversations, decoding scrambled passwords.

It also helps you for recovering wireless network keys, revealing password boxes, uncovering cached passwords and analysing routing protocols. The program does not exploit any software vulnerabilities or bugs that could not be fixed with little effort. It covers some security aspects/weakness present in protocol’s standards, authentication methods and caching mechanisms; its main purpose is the simplified recovery of passwords and credentials from various sources. However, it also ships some “non-standard” utilities for Microsoft Windows users.

Download the latest version of Cain and Abel from the oxit website which creates and support this software.

 5. Wfuzz Password Cracking Tools 

Time for special password cracking tools for web applications. The Wfuzz password cracking tools is a software designed for brute forcing Web Applications. It can be used for finding resources not linked (directories, servlets, scripts, etc.). Brute force GET and POST parameters for checking a different kind of injections (SQL, XSS, LDAP, etc.), brute-force Forms parameters (User/Password), Fuzzing, etc. See some features below and read full details at the edge-security website.

Some Features:

• Multiple Injection points capability with multiple dictionaries
• Recursion (When doing directory brute force)
• Post, headers and authentication data brute forcing
• Output to HTML
• Colored output
• Hide results by return code, word numbers, line numbers, regex.
• Cookies fuzzing
• Multithreading
• Proxy support
• SOCK support
• Time delays between requests
• Authentication support (NTLM, Basic)
• All parameters brute-forcing (POST and GET)
• Multiple encoders per payload
• Payload combinations with iterators
• Baseline request (to filter results against)
• Brute force HTTP methods
• Multiple proxy support (each request through a different proxy)
• HEAD scan (faster for resource discovery)
• Dictionaries tailored for known applications (Weblogic, Iplanet, Tomcat, Domino, Oracle 9i,
  Vignette, Coldfusion and much more.i
  (Many dictionaries are from Darkraver’s Dirb, www.open-labs.org)s

Download the latest version from the edge-security website.

6. Brutus Password Cracking Tools

The Brutus is also a good password cracking tools for the web application, but it is not updated for many years. You might still need a web application password cracker. Brutus was one of the most popular remote online password cracking tools. It claims to be the fastest and most flexible password cracking tool. This tool is free and is only available for Windows systems. It was released back in October 2000.

Features:

Brutus version AET2 is the current release and includes the following authentication types :

• HTTP (Basic Authentication)
• HTTP (HTML Form/CGI)
• POP3
• FTP
• SMB
• Telnet
• Other types such as IMAP, NNTP, NetBus etc. are freely downloadable from this site and directly imported into your copy of Brutus. You can create your forms or use other peoples.

The current release includes the following functionality :

• Multi-stage authentication engine
• 60 simultaneous target connections
• No username, single username and multiple username modes
• Password list, combo (user/password) list and configurable brute force modes
• Highly customisable authentication sequences
• Load and resume position
• Import and Export custom authentication types as BAD files seamlessly
• SOCKS proxy support for all authentication types
• User and password list generation and manipulation functionality
• HTML Form interpretation for HTML Form/CGI authentication types
• Error handling and recovery capability in resume after crash/failure.

If you would like to use this old and out of date tools, download from the hoobie website.

7. John the Ripper

The John the Ripper is a fast opensource password cracking tools, currently available for many flavours of Unix, Windows, DOS, BeOS, and OpenVMS. Its primary purpose is to detect weak Unix passwords. Besides several crypts (3) password hash types most commonly found on various Unix systems supported out of the box are Windows LM hashes, plus lots of other hashes and cyphers in the community-enhanced version.

Download John the Ripper from the openwall website, the place to bringing security into the open environment.

 8. THC Hydra

The THC-Hydra is a fast network logon cracker which supports many different services. When you need to brute force crack a remote authentication service, Hydra is often the tool of choice. It can perform fast dictionary attacks against more than 30 protocols, including telnet, FTP, HTTP, https, SMB, several databases, and much more.

Download the THC Hydra from THC website and see feature sets and services coverage also.

9. L0phtCrack

The L0phtCrack Password Cracking Tools is an alternative to OphCrack. It attempts to crack Windows passwords from hashes. For cracking passwords, it uses Windows workstations, network servers, primary domain controllers, and Active Directory. It also uses a dictionary and brute force attacking for generating and guessing passwords.

Features: 

• L0phtCrack 6 is packed with powerful features such as scheduling, hash extraction from 64 bit Windows versions, multiprocessor algorithms, and networks monitoring and decoding. It is still the easiest to use password auditing and recovery software available.
• The range of Target Systems Software runs On Windows XP and higher. It operates on networks with Windows NT, 2000, XP, Server 2003 R1/R2, Server 2008 R1/R2, on 32- and 64-bit environments, as well as most BSD and Linux variants with an SSH daemon.
• Password Scoring
• Pre-computed Dictionary Support
• Windows & Unix Password Support
• Remote password retrieval
• Scheduled Scans
• Remediation
• Updated Vista/Windows 7 Style UI
• Executive Level Reporting
• Password Risk Status
• Password Audit Method
• Password Character Sets
• Password Length Distribution
• Summary Report

Download the latest version from l0phtcrack website.

10. Aircrack-NG

The Aircrack-ng is an 802.11 WEP and WPA-PSK keys cracking program that can recover keys once enough data packets have been captured. It implements the standard FMS attack along with some optimisations like KoreK attacks, as well as the PTW attack, thus making the attack much faster compared to other WEP cracking tools.

In fact, Aircrack-ng is a set of tools for auditing wireless networks. To secure a Wireless network against Wireless hacking read the article “5 Steps to Secure your home Wireless Network“.

Download the Aircrack-ng from the Aircrack-ng website, where you can find more information about this Wireless Password Cracking Tools. You might need to read “5 ways to Hack Wireless Network” article that is a good way to secure your Wireless Network.

11. Medusa

The Medusa password Cracking tool is intended to be a speedy, massively parallel, modular, login brute-forcer. The goal is to support as many services which allow remote authentication as possible. The author considers following items as some of the key features of this application:

Features:

• Thread-based parallel testing. Brute-force testing can be performed against multiple hosts, users or passwords concurrently.
• Flexible user input. Target information (host/user/password) can be specified in a variety of ways. For example, each item can be either a single entry or a file containing multiple entries. Additionally, a combination file format allows the user to refine their target listing.
• Modular design. Each service module exists as an independent .mod file. It means that no modifications are necessary to the core application to extend the supported list of services for brute-forcing.
• Multiple protocols supported. Many services are currently supported (e.g. SMB, HTTP, POP3, MS-SQL, SSHv2, among others).

Download the latest Medusa tools from the foofus website which support the fgdump tool for mass password Auditing of Windows Systems. It is also a best cracking tool.

Conclusion For Cracking Tools

These are the most popular tools that hackers are using for cracking password hashes and codes of web applications and operating systems. I’m sure that there are many important passwords cracking tools that I miss to bring the list, so tell us the name please to complete this list.

If you need more information about such a tools, read the password is cracking section of Certified Ethical Hacking (CEH) from the EC-council academy. And the post “Certification Road-map for Information Security” for security lovers.

The post Top 10 Password Cracking Tools appeared first on TECHNIG.

Kali Linux has not only become the information security professional’s platform of choice, but evolved into an industrial-grade, and world-class operating system distribution–mature, secure, and enterprise-ready. In this post, we brought you a free Kali Linux book, Mastering Penetration Testing Distribution.

Through the decade-long development process, Muts and his team, along with countless volunteers from the hacker community, have taken on the burden of streamlining and organizing our work environment, freeing us from much of the drudgery. They provided a secure and reliable foundation, allowing us to concentrate on securing our digital world.

An amazing community has built up around Kali Linux. Every month, more than 300,000 of us download a version of Kali. We come together in online and real-world training rooms and grind through the sprawling Offensive Security Penetration Testing Labs, pursuing the near-legendary Offensive Security certifications. We come together on the Kali forums, some 40,000 strong, and hundreds of us at a time can be found on the Kali IRC channel. We gather at conferences and attend Kali Dojos to learn from the developers themselves how to best leverage Kali.

However, the Kali team has never released an official Kali Linux manual, until now.

Kali Linux Revealed – Mastering Penetration Testing Distribution

In this book, we’ll focus on the Kali Linux platform itself, and help you understand and maximize Kali from the ground up. The developers will walk you through Kali Linux features and fundamentals, provide a crash course in basic Linux commands and concepts, and then walk you through the most common Kali Linux installation scenarios. You’ll learn how to configure, troubleshoot and secure Kali Linux and then dive into the powerful Debian package manager. Throughout this expansive section, you’ll learn how to install and configure packages, how to update and upgrade your Kali installation, and how to create your custom packages. Then you’ll learn how to deploy your custom installation across massive enterprise networks. Finally, you’ll be guided through advanced topics such as kernel compilation, custom ISO creation, industrial-strength encryption, and even how to install crypto kill switches to safeguard your sensitive information.

Whether you’re a veteran or an absolute n00b, this is the best place to start with Kali Linux, the security professional’s platform of choice.

Whether you’re new to infosec, or a seasoned security veteran, the free “Kali Linux Revealed” online course has something to teach you. The saying “You can’t build a great building on a weak foundation” rings true in the information security field as well, and if you use (or want to learn to use) Kali in a professional way, you should familiarise yourself as best as you can with the internals of the penetration testing distribution – and that’s what this training is all about – turning you into a Kali Linux professional user.

Learning how to master Kali gives you the freedom to create Kali Linux Recipes like the Kali ISO of Doom, or the Kali Evil AP. You’ll be able to build optimized and custom Kali kernels, host them on your repositories and create your custom Kali Appliances – and there’s so much more.

Download the free Kali Linux Book: Kali Linux Revealed Book

After completing this course, you will be able to:

• Use the Kali Linux OS proficiently.
• Automate, customize and pre-seed Kali Linux Installs.
• Create Kali appliances such as the Kali ISO of Doom.
• Build, modify and host Kali packages and repositories.
• Create, fork and modify simple Kali packages.
• Customize and rebuild your Kernel.
• Deploy Kali over the network.
• Manage and orchestrate multiple installations of Kali.
• Build and customize Kali ARM images.
• Create custom penetration testing devices.

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